Role of energy in the body Essay Example for Free

Role of energy in the trunk EssayEnergy is needed to open blood, lymph and tissue fluid through and throughout the body it is necessary for airing and taking in oxygen it is necessary for making new cells for carrying out growth and repair it is use to transmit nerve impulses so that it seat respond to changes in the environment and it is needed to build various entangled molecules such as enzymes and hormones from the wide-eyed molecules produced after digestion of food.Cardiovascular systemThe heart is a muscular pump which forces blood round the body through a system of blood vessels, namely arteries, veins and capillaries. Blood carries dissolved oxygen to the body cells and at the same time removes the waste products of respiration, carbon dioxide and water. However, blood is also important in distributing heat around the body, on with hormones, nutrients, salts, enzymes and urea. It is important that the blood flows in only one direction through the heart so it i s supplied with excess valves to ensure that this happens.Blood pressureThe force blood exerts on the walls of the blood vessels it is passing through is cognise as the blood pressure (BP). It can be measured using a special piece of equipment called a sphygmomanometer.Blood vesselsArteries and arterioles Arteries leave the heart and supply secondaryer vessels known as arterioles which, in turn, supply the smallest blood vessels, the capillaries. Arteries usually carry oxygenated blood. The exceptions are the pulmonary and umbilical arteries carrying, respectively, blood to the lungs and placenta in maternal quality for oxygenation.The digestive systemThe alimentary canal is a tube that extends from the lecture to the anus. It is dilated, folded and puckered in various places along its length. Many glands are associated with the alimentary canal, and have important roles to play in digestion. When food is taken into the mouth it is mixed with saliva, chewed or masticated by the action of the tongue and teeth, rolled into a small ball known as a bolus, and swallowed. This process is called mechanical digestion and is an important part of physically breaking the food voltaic pile at an early stage.The salivary glandsThree pairs of salivary glands pour their secretions known as saliva into the mouth. Saliva, a digestive juice, contains an enzyme known as salivary amylase, which begins the digestion of carbohydrates as well as lubricating the mouth and helping bolus formation.The hold outThe stomach is the widest part of the alimentary canal. Food can stay in the stomach for up to terce hours, with a protein meal remaining the longest and food not containing protein passing through relatively quickly. During this time, the knock-down(prenominal) stomach walls roll and churn the food around and pour on secretions from the gastric glandsThe ileumThe remainder of the small intestine, known as the ileum, is mainly concerned with the absorption of the now fully digested food. It is specially adapted for this by long length. folded interior. lining covered in many thousands of tiny projections called villi. epithelial cells of villi covered in microvilli, projections so small that they can only be detected using an electron microscope.The liverThe liver is a large dark-red organ. It has a multitude of vital functions in the body, one of which is to produce bile. Bile contains no enzymes at all, but it provides important bile salts that cause the emulsification of fats (lipids) in the duodenumThe pancreasThe pancreas is a slim, leaf-shaped gland, located between the intestines and the stomach, close to the duodenum. It secretes enzyme-rich pancreatic juice as well as alkaline salts needed to neutralise the acidic secretions from the stomach. Pancreatic enzymes go to work on all three macronutrients (protein, fat and carbohydrate) and are important agents for the complete breakdown of the complex food molecules into amino acids, glucose and similar simple sugars, bufflehead acids and glycerol. Major products of digestion-Peptides and amino acids are nitrogenous compounds. Sugars-Glycerol and fatty acids glycerol is employ for energy or reconverting fatty acids into a form of fat which can be stored. -Fat is stored under the skin and around organs where it forms a long-term energy store to be used after glycogen stores are depleted.http//books.google.co.uk/books?id=4osMUZqXDv4Cpg=PA223lpg=PA223dq=circulate+blood,+lymph+and+tissue+fluid+throughout+the+body+it+is+necessary+for+breathing+and+taking+in+oxygen+it+is+necessary+for+making+new+cells+for+carrying+out+growth+and+repair+it+is+used+to+transmit+nerve+impulses+so+that+it+can+respond+to+changes+in+the+environment+and+it+is+needed+to+build+different+complex+molecules+such+as+enzymes+and+hormones+from+the+simple+molecules+produced+after+digestion+of+food.source=blots=H2vrAem_qwsig=Hm34STuu06FNY2oXXPVbgrRVjzwhl=ensa=Xei=55fQUNTWHPSS0QX72oDoBQved=0CDIQ6AEwAAv=onepageq=c irculate%20blood%2C%20lymph%20and%20tissue%20fluid%20throughout%20the%20body%3B%20it%20is%20necessary%20for%20breathing%20and%20taking%20in%20oxygen%3B%20it%20is%20necessary%20for%20making%20new%20cells%20for%20carrying%20out%20growth%20and%20repair%3B%20it%20is%20used%20to%20transmit%20nerve%20impulses%20so%20that%20it%20can%20respond%20to%20changes%20in%20the%20environment%3B%20and%20it%20is%20needed%20to%20build%20different%20complex%20molecules%20such%20as%20enzymes%20and%20hormones%20from%20the%20simple%20molecules%20produced%20after%20digestion%20of%20food.f=false