The Russian Revolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Russian renewing - Essay ExampleThe thirst for equal opportunities that the french Revolution inculcated in community to a fault was one of the major reasons for the development and growth of democratic institutions of motive in the populace. This was seen in a nonher vicissitude that took smudge during the twentieth century, the Russian Revolution that ended the reign of the tsars in Russia and paved the way for governments that would be based on the consent of the people of Russia. The Russian Revolution managed not nevertheless to wrest power from the Tsar but also to place it in the hands of the Bolsheviks and not in the hands of any emperor as in the case of the French Revolution when power finally ended up in the hands of Napoleon, who in a sense perverted the goals of the vicissitude by installing himself as the emperor of France and not upholding the ideals of the French Revolution. There are several similarities in the midst of the Russian and the French Revolu tions. Both were very important events in their own times and were important in shaping the future of the world. The Russian revolution not only affirmed the worlds increase faith in democracy and rejection of autocracy but also signaled a willingness to focus on the eudaimonia of the masses of a nation and not on the diplomatic matter tos of a country. The unwillingness of the Russian people to be a part of wars was seen in the lack of popular support for the First World fight and the dissent that had started to breed in the masses after the setbacks that Russia had to face during the First World War. This is similar to the French revolution in two ways. The French revolution too had a great impact on the world and its main rival, Britain felt the shockwaves of the revolution throughout the period of the Regency and the Victorian age. The fear of a revolution can be seen in the literature of this period that in some cases valorizes the revolution and in others mocks and satiriz es it as an ineffectual tool for social change. The French Revolution with its slogan of Liberte, egalite, fraternite (liberty, equality and fraternity) caused people around the world to harbor dreams of a utopia where the lords and the peasants would be able to live as equals and share the produce of the land equally with enough for all. Like the French Revolution which made not only the French but also people of other countries clamor for freedom from autocracy, the Russian Revolution too made the claims for freedom that countries beneath the yoke of imperialism had been making for many years. Apart from this, the resentment of the French public was due not only to the misery that they were facing but also due to the recognition that their country had been spending their coin unwisely by helping the Americans in their war for independence. This expenditure was thought of as a waste of money by thy emergent class of the buttoned-down who were at the forefront of the revolution. As in the French Revolution, it was a concern for the faltering economy of the country that was one of the major reasons for the Russian Revolution. The emergence of a bourgeois mentality in the people can be considered as a reason for the sudden uprisings that took place during this time even though the Bolsheviks were overtly Marxist in their approach to the topic of governance. Awareness and concern regarding the manner in which the national revenues were being spent and dealt with, is an indication of the increasing desire for control that the midsection classes of both France and Russia felt during their respective

Usability issues in smart phones Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Usability issues in overbold forebodes - Essay ExampleIt had a variety of applications including a predict book, a calendar and email facilities. Simon was first marketed in 1994 by Bellsouth and was sold at a actu wholey high price.Since then the judicious phone has come along way. Today smart phones combine whole the functions of a GSM mobile phone with a own(prenominal) computer. They are also known as personal digital assistant (PDA) phones or personal information managers (PIMs). Almost all smart phones feature a built-in-camera, internet access, e-mail capabilities and numerous multimedia functions like streaming audio and video. They also contain phone books, calendars, memos, stopwatches, calendars, alarm clocks, calculators, to-do lists and various other sorts of organizers. Smart phones can have either additional port like a miniature QWERTY keyboard, a touch screen, D-pad or a track ball. One of the grand features of smart phones is that they allow the user to ins tall additional software, even from third party sources. Most smart phones come with their own operating systems which adds to their functionality and makes programming them that much easier. (Dave and Jonathan, n.d)Operating system is responsible for managing other programs or applications. It also manages the internal memory of the device. For a multitasking operating system it has the job of deciding the order in which each program will run. The operating system is the most important software in any smart phone it manages the phones hardware and software resources. The most common operating systems used in smart phones areLinux is one of the most common operating systems used in smart phones. Linux is an example of pioneer Source development and free software unlike proprietary operating systems such as Windows, all of its underlying source code is available to the general public for anyone to freely use, modify, and redistribute subject to the discriminate license agreements. And although Linux is harder to manage than

Environmental Contamination Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Environmental Contamination - Lab Report ExampleDetrimental billet effects of these contaminants range from carcinogenic effects to liver disease and significant influence on productiveness of various plants due to effects on soil (Yan Hai et al. 5). The persistence of these contaminants in the environment should be taken special notice of.1, 4 dioxane a toxic synthetic petrochemical is a known carcinogen that is common in most household consumer products. The most susceptible products are laundry detergents, hair care products, and cleaning products. It is a byproduct of the reaction between ethylene oxide and other ingredients in the ethoxylation processing of detergents and cleaning products. The ethoxylation process is sibylline to reducing the severity of harsher ingredients (Ethan, 2010). It is ironic that the process aimed at reducing the harmful components results in a to a greater extent harmful ingredient. Most labeling lacks an indication of these products. Steinman in his evaluation of conventional and natural laundry detergent brands account P&G products to have the highest concentration of 1, 4 dioxane levels in comparison to other brands. Only dickens of the natural brands contained o1, 4 dioxane though the levels were significant lower than the average concentrations observed in the conventional names. This presents the predilection of due diligence in assessing the suitability of various brands both on the part of the user and the regularisation body (organic consumers association 8).Of the 80,000 known chemicals, EPA only tests 200 of the probable contaminants. This presents a high likelihood that few contaminants escape notice. Contaminants like 1,4 dioxane has been found to be persistent in the environment especially since it binds to water and relatively hard to remove since small concentration of it have been found in water even by and by purification and filtration. Most of the water supply has been found contaminated by 1, 4

What caused the Vietnam War (1964-1973) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

What caused the Vietnam War (1964-1973) - Essay ExampleHistorians gauge the sham of the Vietnam conflict not only on casualty figure and geographic coverage but also on its length, intensity and global repercussions. For instance, the war in Vietnam played a great importance in the geopolitical sense since it became a flashpoint in the Cold War. Furthermore, the war took place in a turbulent period of human history and became intertwined with other social upheavals which almost brought down the American personify politic.The aim of this paper is to analyze the roots and the underlying factors that led to the US intervention in the Vietnam conflict. In the process, it is hoped that this would shed light to the phenomenon which marked significant failures specifically in US international policies and the end-result of the nine-year conflict.Looking vertebral column at history, one will find that the US interest in Vietnam did not start with the administrations of nates F. Kennedy and Dwight D. Eisenhower. It started with the American policy of containment in the aftermath of the Second World War against the spread of communism and the ripening power of the USSR. Andrew Wiest (2002) explored this aspect in his book, The Vietnam WarIn each case the scale of the threats precluded the use of colossal force, so avoiding the buildup to a nuclear exchange. The US chose to adopt a policy of limited war, hoping to avoid a superpower showdown and in many ways the war in Vietnam became the main example of the US limited war policy.2After the fall of imperial Japan, Ho Chi Minh proclaimed the independence of popular Republic of Vietnam and drafted a constitution along with a form of government based on the American model, hoping for a continued American support. He sought the help of the United States in establishing a naked Vietnam but he was ignored. The American supported Frances attempt at regaining its colonies in Indochina, then the war between the French forc es

Self Portrait Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Self Portrait - Essay ExampleWhat is more, I had my own future ambitions, which were rivet on living a well learned lifestyle that made me financially independent and discharge from most of the common worries of life. In effect when the hazard came, I felt the luckiest person in the formulate for the amazing future ahead in USA and the awful future I escaped for expiration Cuba. Theres millions of Cubans or other countries citizens willing the same opportunity and I was one of the chosen one.The second chance was related to a social event in my life, when as part of my pine time ambition to attend a world class concert, I attended the concert of no(prenominal) other than Celine Dion. Not only did I attend Celine Dions concert notwithstanding I had the opportunity to sit at a VIP stand that was very close to the stage where I could consider the artist clearly and have a full feel of the concert. The show was colorful for everyone who was there but to me, it is more than awe some. Before the time, I had an iPod full of Celine Dions songs, which tells how much I love the diva. But from my background, scarcely did I think a day was coming when I would sit at her feet and watch her perform. here(predicate) was I, the poor, country girl in front of that amazing and divine voice it was very emotional. It is so lovable to feel as a social event can complete aspects of a persons life.The last episode is on my academic life and related to the day of my graduation as a Registered Nurse. Caring for others and being of help to them has been my childhood ambition. When in may 2009 I graduated with BSN from Barry University on May 2009, I was more than joyous. . When I think about my graduation as a nurse, it makes me think everything is possible. This episode gives me so many lessons on the need to be consistent, dedicated and responsible. I always worked (full time argumentation as a waiter) and studied (full time too), had a husband and did house duties as a wife at the same time when I was studying. These factors however

Should higher education be free Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Should higher education be innocent - Research Paper ExampleIt is not mightily from an ethical perspective to retrieve the money from the general taxpayers for the higher education of all(prenominal) students irrespective of their major power to afford. In a period when the state cannot afford to keep police on the streets, the NHS functioning, and our armed forces the right way equipped, it is right and proper that undergraduates should be asked to pay for some of the costs of their higher education to ensure that governing money is spent fairly (Holden). Considering the benefits students gain from the degree, it is ethically justified to make the students hold back the cost of education. The bound to which students should be required to bear the cost of education is debatable, yet it is very dutiful of the students to give their stimulant for something they would get output from in the future.There are numerous challenges that surface if the students are required to bear the cost of their higher education. There are a lot of students who are quite capable in the studies, but cannot afford any cost of education. For such students, the access to higher education should be found on the students tendency to achieve rather than their tendency to pay because it is the poor and middle class who are unable to afford the very thing that enables their children to seek a better life (Peters). Government should provide the funds to the colleges but only for the education of the students who are capable but not in the model to afford the expenses.Supporters of the free higher education consider it the only fair means of advancing the donnish career of the individuals since free education opens the gates to high education for all. However, if the higher education is made free for the capable yet poor students and not for the rest, the objective of making the higher education attainable for all is achieved. From each according to his ability, to each

Develop a sense of the importance of integrity and ethics in small Essay

larn a sense of the importance of integrity and ethics in atrophied task ownership - move ExampleThis paper will discuss the importance of ethics and integrity in small origin enterprises.Research asserts that small-business investors substantially rely on ethical orders in the business setting. For example, the aspect of ethics in matters regarding finance should not be overlooked. This is because such businesses rely on accounting ethics. In case the business owners argon not conscious about financial recordkeeping practices, then, they are likely to face tremendous challenges. In addition, they are exposed to risks related to fraud if they do not uphold ethics and integrity in the business (Petryni, 2008).Recently, some of the small businesses have implemented the code of ethics which is normally entailed in the policies of the organization. This code of ethics is normally a statement of values which defines the organization. In well-nigh cases, the code of ethics commonly addresses issues related to conflict of interest, competition data, assets of the company and employee practices. Furthermore, integrity also forms a crucial part in business since lack of integrity in the organization leads to poor development of the firm (Longenecker, Petty, Palich, & Hoy, 2012).Contrarily, there are some businesses which do not uphold the integrity and the code of ethics. In such cases, the business is say to run under unethical practices. There are several unethical practices that are practiced in most of the small businesses. One of the most prominent unethical practices is the lack of compassion. According to empirical studies, most of the workers in small business firms are usually exposed to unethical treatment (Longenecker, Petty, Palich, & Hoy, 2012). For example, most small companies offer medical covers for its employees especially if the company operates in risky circumstances.In case an employee is injured mend in the line of duty, he or she must be

Saudization of Iraqi Families Living in Saudi Arabia Essay

Saudization of Iraqi Families Living in Saudi Arabia - Essay ExampleWhat they faced plot they were settling and how they managed to make their place in the society is what the interrogation will be focusing on. The research will mainly focus on a group of conservative families. The main area of compactness as said earlier will be on the social changes experienced as a result of moving into a more conservative Islamic state and highlighting the ability of these families to get out with the differing cultures whilst still trying to keep their identity. These families were considered to be a minority amongst the other foreigners living in Saudi Arabia. The immigrating purposes also vary from one family to another significantly and they all have their own stories to tell. Underneath the dogged appearance of these small community members there is a visible disruptive effect of the migration process seen on the surface. However this can be identified by only someone who has a close tie-up or understanding with the emotional side that these people face and they can reach their innermost thoughts and experiences and assault the barriers of pride. I hope to be able to provide this missing connection and the feelings that have not been notwithstanding understood.Firstly Ill analyze whether the Iraqi families adopted the Saudi way of living as lead off of adjustment in the society or have they been able to maintain their own distinctiveness? Secondly, what form of problems of continuity of the two generations have they faced? Have the first generation been able to transfer their beliefs and thoughts to the heartbeat generation or has the influence of the Saudi society been more forceful and powerful than they realized.While I conducted a survey of the available information and data with regards to the migration of the Iraqis to Saudi Arabia, I was otiose to find any detailed study using the ethnographic details available for research.

The Power of the Mamluks and Il-Khanates Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Power of the Mamluks and Il-Khanates - Essay ExampleThe Il-Khanates, on the separate hand, achieved power by giving their subordination to the main Kahn, Kublai, and the main empire, thus ensuring the support of a palmy ally. Because they were originally not a Muslim culture, they were often attacked by the Islamic states surrounding them. Eventually, after the reborn to Islam, they were fitting to solidify their cartel and gain acceptance. Thus, both clans were able to earn power with their religion, although through different means.Its important to revisit the development of these two empires in order to see how their power bases were increase by their acceptance into Islam. First, it is important to revisit the original Mongolian invasions. Something different happened after the Mongols had invaded a fewer Islamic empires eventually, the Mongols were to become Muslim themselves. This was to play an important role in the development of Islam within the Il-Khanate. The i nvasions of interchange Asia and Russia by the Chagatai Khanate and the Golden Horde did not have the negative impacts on the native Islamic faith that the Mongol invasion of Iraq and Persia both had. Even though the Mongols defeated the Islamic states, the Muslim faith did prevail, and the Mongols themselves, although the invaders, did, for the around part, convert to Islam. However, the Mongol conquering of Islams heartland did result in some major changes for the religion. By conquering and disemboweling the authoritative Islamic dynasties, the Mongols instilled new ones, thus setting a new era for the religion. This new era would fall by the wayside both the Il-Khans and the Mamluk to achieve power through Islam, although this power would not be implemented until a junior-grade later in history. In order to understand how this process came about, it is important to revisit the history regarding the Mongol conquering of Islam. The fighting in Asia began in the 13th century w ith Genghis Khan, who raided Persia and conquered several cities up until his death. By 1237, the Mongols were outside of Bagdhad, the center of the Abbasid caliphate. When the Great Kahn Mongke was elected in 1251, the decision to attack the Abbasid caliphate was formed. Mongke did not like that Islamic mess worshipped a man who they seemed to view as even above the Khan. Thus, the Mongols attacked the capital, and came out victorious (Nichoole 82). Then, Mongke gave book of instructions to attack the caliphate only if it decided not to surrender. Of course, the caliphate did not, and they were largely unprepared to do battle with fighters as whorled-renowned as the Mongols. They had a large force, but were not as well trained as the Mongols. Another business that emerged in the Islamic itemion was the age-old battle between Sunni and Shiite, and the fact that the caliphate was a Sunni meant that many Shiites went over to the Mongol side, thinking they would regain power if th ey did saw. Also, many Christians joined the side of the Mongols, seeing the Mongols as attainable saviors from the fate of Islam. Some of the Mongol army was, in fact, Christian, so this is perhaps one of the reasons why they were able to gather so much support. Many Mongol soldiers were careful not to destroy Christian churches and symbols, and this fact endeared the army to the

Financial systems around the globe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial systems around the globe - seek ExampleNowadays, thither is a considerable change in these methods as the concepts of transaction cost and lend oneself of full information ar removed and bullying has increased in todays pecuniary market. Its difficult to bring these changes with the traditional method of financing growth. There is also a disposal in the direction of cross border merger and acquisitions among great pecuniary service firms in versatile nations. These cross border merger and acquisitions frequently engage big universal sort of institutions that give many types of financial services to multiple nations. There are two basic methods, which are used nowadays, which are bank intermediation ground method and market based financial system (Leyland and Pyle 1977). We know that there is a diversification of financial systems in different countries. Most of these countries hold up bank intermediations and market based financial systems but the importance of these systems is comparatively different from each other. get together States has market based financial system. The financial market has an important role in the financial environment of the expanse and the banks intimidation is insignificant (Leviene 2002). Germany has bank intimidation based financial market. In such financial environment, banks control the allotment of credit and financial markets are not as important as in US. Besides this is affirm that the financial systems vary from one another according to different countries and due to this, the financial growth ordinate is also different for each country according to their selection of the financial system.... financial systems because every financial system provides unique functions that are meritorious, and due to the difference in the functions the financial growth of a country also varies (Allen and Santomero 1997). Worldwide or global banking is a substituted method to a stock market to serving the risk, colle ct information for providing the guidance to generate the information and to match corporate governance of different countries. Here, we have discussed about Germany, where the size of the stock market is small & banks carry the entire risk related to the equity, obligation of delegate regarding the others shares. On other hand, banks are running(a) as the representatives to manage the personal business such as to borrow loan and other corporate activities. The thing, which needs to be examined is whether the bank is working as the substitute of the stock market or it has the information about the dealings of the firms, if banks are working as the substitutes of the stock market then the performance of the firms should improve but if they have some gracious of private information regarding the firms then they may be a part of conflicts of firms with the equity holders and with those who voted in proxy through banks. It investigates through the facts and figures that the banks influence the performance of German firms and the rest of conflicts arise because of it (Gorton and Schmid 2000). Banks and other financial intermediaries are the basis of outsourcing to the firms. Intermediaries supply more than 50 percent of outsource funds from the countries that are United States, Japan, the United Kingdom, Germany, and France. The investors primarily borrow money as a loan through the banks and they do not at present borrow the loan. Diamond gives a model of Financial Intermediation and Delegated

The Formation of Islamic Art and the Amalgamation of Different Literature review

The Formation of Islamic Art and the Amalgamation of Different Cultural - belles-lettres review ExampleArts of the Islamic World and Islamic art are significant phrases which link to the various artistic traditions which have flourished since the advent of Islam across a vast geographic area ranging from grey Spain and North Africa to the islands of Southeast Asia in the late seventh century. (Arts of the Islamic World 2008). One most germane(predicate) factor about the formation of Islamic art has been the influence of the varied culture of the world on its formation. The cultural influences ranged from Byzantine (inherited when the Ottomans made Constantinople their capital in 1453) to Italian, French, Central Asian, Persian and Arab. (Sajoo 2001, p. 16-18). There was also Copernican influences from Roman architectural elements, Spanish mosaic decoration, Chinese ceramics, and Iraqi calligraphic styles in North Africa on a lower floor the Fatimid dynasty. One of the most impo rtant elements of Islamic art has been its architecture consisting of a unique religious architecture which comprises the mosque (masjid), and the madrasa and a secular architecture including palaces, caravansaries, cities and the mausoleum. The Islam from the Arabian Peninsula had no native artistic traditions, but as it began to spread politically and socially, it also absorbed and adapted indigenous art styles. Islamic art then developed from many sources. Roman, Early Christian, and Byzantine styles were taken over in early Islamic architecture the influence of Sassanian artthe architecture and decorative art of pre-Islamic Persia under the Sassanidswas of paramount significance.

An Overview of Art Historical Movements and their Effect on the Movies Research Paper

An Overview of Art Historical Movements and their Effect on the Movies - investigate Paper ExampleThis is an American animation kids photograph. There is a lot of warriorlike arts influence in the animation, which makes it different from previous films of its kind. It is however similar to some American film structures, for example, the TV Series Smallville. In this film, the primary(prenominal) character, Clark Kent, is also sent to earth with a specific mission. In his quest to fulfil his mission, a character is developed, other characters come in, and a long TV series is formed with varying episodes.Currently, American films are so much influenced by martial arts. Samurai jacks is an American film based on a Japanese story. The presence of martial arts is, therefore, not a surprise, but it is an indication of the acceptance of martial arts, and its influence in American films. Martial art has been shown as a necessary skill in fighting evil (Schehr 102). The film is a sub-ge nre of animation, an animated childrens film. These sub-genres are designed for specific age demographic and the young. They usually explore the incredible world (Jenkins 7). This is simply what Samurai Jack is all about. Jack is a superhero who travels around the world to learn different forms of combat. He is the and person with the powers to stop a shape shifting wizard. This is a world of fantasy, for all that Jack is envisioned as capable of, are exaggerated. The story, like any other animated children films, is centred on a leadership role that has to fight in a scenario of good over evil (Jenkins 9). Jack has to fight the main villain, Aku, and other evil people that he comes across in his journey to fulfil his mission (Walt Cartoon).Samurai Jack Meets Wong Fei Hung episode. Almost everything is a replicate of scenes as seen in other martial arts movies. Wong Fei Hung is shown sitting shore in a position similar to all other martial art teachers. The

Immigration personal letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Immigration personal letter - Essay ExampleI didnt have many savings, and I didnt even have a checking account in an Ameri dissolve bankI had to get an flat for my first few months here(predicate). Every week I would buy groceries, and I had a hard meter just keeping afloat.Actually, it was only a few weeks after I got to America that I name a decent job working as a System Admin with an electronics company that mandatory somebody to all oversee their software department. Basically I was making sure that everything operated smoothly.If there was a bother on my job, people would usually come see me about it because I was the computer expert. Saurabh, whats the matter with this course Saurabh, why wont this window close Saurabh, how do I do this How do I do thatAs you can see, this was a very demanding job. But I had to work hard in order so that I could send some money back to India until I could afford to bring the rest of my family over here while I was on my work visa.Finally , when I had eased up about ten-thousand dollars, I brought my married woman Padma to the united States with our baby girl Dharti. Airfare from India costs quite a bit, so I had to save up for that, as well as the expenses we would have here in the U.S. after Padma and Dharti came over.In order to relieve oneself that ten-thousand dollars I had to work overtime at my job for weeks on end. But I did it because I love my family and I really wanted them to be with me here in the United States. James Madison, one of the launching fathers of the United States, once was quoted. He said that America was indebted to immigration for her settlement and prosperity.1This is part the truth, because, America is not only responsible for my victor. I am also partially responsible for the success of America.Now... For awhile I thought I wasnt going to be able to make it in the United States. When I first came to the U.S., I had little money, was without my nuclear family, and didnt really spe ak English as well as I would have liked.Actually, it was only a few weeks after I got to America that I found a decent job working as a System Admin with an electronics company that needed someone to oversee their software department. Basically I was making sure that everything operated smoothly.If there was a problem on my job, people would usually come see me about it because I was the computer expert. Saurabh, whats the matter with this program Saurabh, why wont this window close Saurabh, how do I do this How do I do thatAs you can see, this was a very demanding job. But I had to work hard in order so that I could send some money back to India until I could afford to bring the rest of my family over here while I was on my work visa.Finally, when I had saved up about ten-thousand dollars, I brought my wife Padma to the United States with our baby girl Dharti. Airfare from India costs quite a bit, so I had to save up for that, as well as the expenses we would have here in the U.S. after Padma and Dharti came over.Now I have an even better job since I got my Masters degree, and work as a consultant with an

Extra credit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Extra credit - Essay Example bout and disagreement is inevitable in any group or social setting. By inevitable infringe, I do not mean violence but rather clashes of opinion and personality and could sometimes snap off relationship and teamwork and ultimately, affecting performance and productivity. No one can ever succeed in vitality and career without experiencing conflict because there will always be differences among people considering that we are all different. Thus, conflict solicitude is a key skill for one to get over social and relationship b different and succeed. Sometimes, it would be necessary to go against other peoples opinion and perspective to get our ideas and kernel across and this inevitably lead to a clash of opinion requiring a high degree of readiness in conflict management.Improving the competency of conflict management is a never ending process. level(p) top executives who are already in the peak of their career are still continuing to grow on how to improve their conflict management skills. On my end, I will improve my conflict management competency by first increasing my awareness about myself and others on what causes conflict. I will then learn the various methods to handle it by learning the lessons taught in my management class. Management books as sound as self-help books are also a huge help in up competency in conflict management because they propose various techniques in handling conflict. Going to symposia, forums, lectures and similar events will also help widen my perspective about conflict management. I will not let the hazard pass also to be coached by experts on conflict management especially those who have years of experience behind them in dealing conflicts. It will also help to observe on how other people handle their respective conflicts and pick up those that are beneficial to me.The value in improving this competency improves my social skill and enhances my chance for success. No

Development Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Development - Coursework ExampleAt the 1995 womens meeting in Beijing, so many promises were made on grammatical gender mainstreaming. The most important one was to furbish up more women into leadership positions in private and public organisations and the government, as well as involve them in scientific and industrial development initiatives. This was to be done to bring about gender equality, not at the expense of men as some people sacrifice reported (Fischer, 2012569). The ultimate goal of gender mainstreaming was to bring gender equality at all levels of private and public sectors. The aim was to enter the millennium with significant progress having been made in terms of putting women in key positions in the ball club and cultivating and a better understanding of gender mainstreaming and equality among men (Razavi, 2009146). However, this has not happened. A 2013 research cosponsored by the US department of education and various non-governmental organisations (NGOs) showed that despite the hype and hullabaloo surrounding the topic, men shut up dominated major positions in the government and the private sector (Organisation for Social Science Research in Eastern and Southern Africa, 201014)In fact, most governments created a front for gender mainstreaming and equality but their underbellies were dominant with gender inequality and imbalance. The Obama Administration, for example, has made several attempts to include as many women as possible in its policymaking and leadership positions (Kantola, 201054). However, this is what the public and some nave NGOs see and think that progress is being made. For example, the study showed that in departments which were headed by women, there were still more male employees working in senior and influential positions that women should have according to gender mainstreaming advocates. In addition, the findings of the study showed that mens perception of women has still

Joe Gransden Jazz Jam Essay Example for Free

Joe Gransden Jazz Jam EssayIn the juvenile course of music, it is evident that changes and development are present. The variety of genres had expanded which led to the arrival of brand naked as a jaybird breed of artist that is able to represent various entities and cultures. Moreover one of the genres which are developing is Jazz. For umpteen years, different jazz musicians are present. In the current state of music, it is clear that music is flowing. Due to such realization it is needed as a researcher to see a jazz performer to full see the development of music as well as the promoteration of the annulus. More so, the researcher shall leave alone details to which different kinds of observation during the performance of Joe Gransden Quartet Jazz Jam. The Joe Gransden Quartet Jazz Jam is a chemical group which is composed of different individuals who are actively performing different types of instrumentations. The most authoritative instrument is the trumpet which is us ually utilized in every song of the band. The band is bullyly utilizing instruments rather than a vocal instrument. There is a satisfying upright of the base and drums and the cello which highlighted by the shallow sound by different instruments with a lighter sound.More so, the whole set which was played by the band were all complete with different instruments which add drama and emotions with the songs. Definitely the whole band is very great for they are able to present their craft and attain a response from the audience. For the band is jazz, the audience is soothe and very appreciative of the music. Due to the excellence o the band, it is inevitable that the audience will be entertain and amused on how individuals could utilize music as a form of emotional and artistic perspective.On the other hand, attending such concert is similar to drinking a cold glass of water. such(prenominal) kind of band is refreshing to the ears and to the soul. The music of the band and their mus icality is unquestionable. Moreover, the excellence of each member in their instruments does not need any improvement. The association of each instrument is in line with each other. Upon this, the researcher sees that the Joe Gransden Quartet Jazz Jam is a unique band which does not present that jazz is a genre which is unlike any other.The presentation is highly classical in the perspective of the researcher. The instruments and the notes are study to the classical music which is usually done in operas. More so, the instrument was playing a vast role in its ingest unique way. All the instruments were complementing each other. Therefore, the instruments are all highlighted in their own way. Looking at the perspective of the solo acts, it is slightly evident that each of the musicians has their own flare in providing a different style in playing the instrument.In addition to this, the lead of the band Joe Gransden is an important player in the band. For he leads the whole group tow ards his visions, he is allowed the most pristine individual in the group. Although most of the musicians in the group is great in their on instruments, it is through the vision and knowledge of Joe Gransden that the group have gone to the levels and acknowledgement of the press and the audience. Moreover, the whole band was a breath of fresh standard pressure for the audiences who are interested

Ceo Fiat & Chrysler Analysis Essay Example for Free

Ceo Fiat Chrysler Analysis EssaySergio Marchionne is well known for taking over struggle car companies and turning them around. His most recent endeavor was becoming the CEO of Fiat and Chrysler. His line of reasoning idol, Steve Jobs, who oftentimes like himself, took a struggling computer company and turned it into a company that continues to change the way of life we live and communicate today. It is no surprise that Sergios idol is a transformational leader who had similar goals and charisma. Micro com bursting charge wizard(a) of Sergios betimes efforts was to transform the company from iodin that made large gas guzzling vehicles to one that made more energy efficient ones. He wanted to work closely with the engineers and omnibuss that made the usable decisions and organizational design issues (DubBrin, 2013). Someone at his level typic every(prenominal)y makes more of the strategic decisions and relies more upon his management staff to handle the periodic tradi ng operations and direct them as needed. Many managers arent able to tardily let go of how they used to operate (Ashkenas, 2012). It seems that Sergio is trying to stay connected with the decisions and the people in his newfound role in a similar many he would have if he was still and manager and not the CEO. It also appears that he is afraid of losing touch with the operations of the organization. Ashkenas says that many in his position observe that they become more isolated in their higher up position so they compensate and reciprocate their anxiety by attempting to stay as connected as much as possible (Ashkenas, 2012). When Sergios need for more direct impact and interaction unites with his old tendencies to manage, then he becomes more of a micromanager whether he realizes it or not.Sergio is a very labor oriented leader. DuBrin lists out 2 characteristics of a task oriented leader that fit Sergio well. Sergio is good at setting the direction of Fiat and Chrysler new miss ion to make more fuel efficient cars. He also provides a lot of hands-on focus and feedback. When Sergio said that he wanted to work closely with the people making the day-to-day decisions, one of his executives was quoted saying it shows me that he is going to be very hands-on (DuBrin, 2013). His desire to remain in close contact with the operations atomic number 50 help enhance his technical knowledge, which Dubrin says is a very important leadership characteristic, in time too muchguidance and closely tied decision making is a sign of micromanagement. Concerns with adit handleSergio was very concerned about the door handle that was not water-tight. Some leaders wouldnt want to waste time and money trying to fix something that could be easily ignored. In the early part of his career, Sergio said that this issue would have probably been swept under the carpet, but not anymore (DuBrin, 2013). Take a minute to think about Sergios idol, Steve Jobs. What made his company and his legacy into something that go out be talked about and studied for years? It was not only his charisma and vision, but his attention to power point and his unwillingness to compromise until his products r severallyed perfection. Jobs was quoted in a Smithsonian Magazine article saying it takes a lot of large(p) work to make something simple, to truly understand the underlying challenges and come up with elegant solutions, (Isaacson, 2012). It makes sense that Sergio would be as concerned about the door handle as he was. His idol was someone who wouldnt stop until perfection was reached and it seemed like he tried to emulate Jobs management style. This whitethorn solidify as discussed above that he is more of a micromanager than he realizes. Looking at all of the hi theme and success that Jobs brought to Apple, which almost went bankrupt (Shontell, 2011), how could you blame Sergio for being so concerned with Fiats and Chryslers design? Dual CitizenshipAs the CEO of 2 companies in 2 assorted countries, being a two-fold citizen of both countries has its welfares. By being a citizen of Italy Sergio has a curious opportunity as a businessman. He has correct access to financial and investment opportunities in Italy that whitethorn benefit both countries which would otherwise be difficult to get for non-citizens. By being a citizen of a European conjunction country, Sergio is able to work or live anywhere in the European Union which expands his options when it comes to doing business and possibly trying to grow his business (italiandualcitizenship.com, 2013). He can tour between Canada and Italy with residual without having to get a work visa, so if a need arises where he need to quickly travel to either company, he can do so without any issues.As a citizen of each country, Sergio can identify himself with the people of Canada and Italy and be better able to fit in with the culture. Levi talks about a one key thing about aggroups that relates well with Ser gios situation, group norms. Group norms help ground the groups values, establish a common ground for operating, define appropriate behavior and bring on a distinct identity (Levi, 2011). Think of each country and business as a team or group. As a member of each group, Sergio would most likely have a better understanding of each countrys and businesses norms so he could better fit in as part of the team rather than an outsider. He may better be able to motivate his teams other than since theyre each part of different countries and get more productivity out of them. ConclusionSergio has a unique opportunity by being the CEO of 2 different companies in 2 different countries. He invests much of himself in both Chrysler and Fiat. He is so concerned with his companys day-to-day operations that he may miss out on most effectively managing the strategic initiatives between both companies. He is also concerned with both companys products and performance the way his business idol was, Stev e Jobs, that he risks being seen by many as a micromanager or micro-CEO which may be counter-productive. As a citizen of both Canada and Italy where both companies are located, Sergio is better able to take advantage of the readiness of travel between counties, and has better access to financing and investment opportunities in each country that could benefit both Chrysler and Fiat. His dual citizenship may also give him a better understanding of the social norms in both countries so he can better manage and fit in within each company or team.Sergio has a lot of good qualities that benefit his position as CEO of 2 different companies. While he cares a lot about the product, quality and day-to-day operations, he require to focus more on the strategic initiatives especially if he plans on integrating business operations between Fiat and Chrysler. He also has the benefit of being a citizen of both Italy and Canada so he can understand and fit in with the norms of each country, but bei ng seen as a micromanager could delay productivity and respect from his teams. Overall Sergio has great qualities and is positioned well to run both companies. As long as he doesnt lose sight of the bigger picture, he willprobably achieve what he set out to achieve.ReferencesDuBrin, A. (2013). Leadership research, findings, practice, and skills. (7th ed.). Mason, OH South-Western, Cengage Learning.Levi, D. (2011). Group dynamics for teams. U.S.A Sage Publications Inc.Ashkenas, R. (2012, 11 19). Why no one admits to micromanaging. Retrieved from http//www.forbes.com/sites/ronashkenas/2012/11/19/why-no-one-admits-to-micro-managing/Isaacson, W. (2012, September). How Steve Jobs love of simplicity fueled a design revolution . Retrieved from http//www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/How-Steve-Jobs-Love-of-Simplicity-Fueled-A-Design-Revolution-166251016.htmlShontell, A. (2011, January 19). The amazing story of how Steve Jobs took apple from near bankruptcy to billions in 13 years . Retr ieved from http//www.businessinsider.com/how-steve-jobs-took-apple-from-near-bankruptcy-to-billions-in-13-years-2011-1Italian American Citizenship. (2013). Italian dual citizenship. Retrieved from http//www.italianamericancitizenship.com/Benefits.html http//www.italiandualcitizenship.com/id50.htm

Sensory Perceptions Essay Example for Free

Sensory Perceptions EssayProvide at least terce (3) reasons for believing in the accuracy or inaccuracy of sensory information. our grits are the connection between the world and our mind. a lot of philosophers defined our senses as the window of the soul. e very senses in our brain work die to occur and build a combined picture of w here(predicate) we are , who we are, and what is going on in our environment, our thinking and signal detection are hardly connected and we rely on accurate observations. KirbyGoodpaster,2007,p54-55). the most tree reasons for believing in the accuracy of sensory information are a. Touch When we touch some involvement hot, our feeling sense automatic eithery post messages to our brain inform the brain that there is same thing wrong or same thing will cause same kind of pain to the bole as go out we remove our hand (or other part of the torso) before we get burned, or before the pain get worst. b. Smell our sense of smell empennage distin guish when there is danger. or example,When we smell smoke automatically there is a fire, or least something smoldering as head there is a danger to us, , so we can well trust the accuracy of that sensory information. c. mussiness The data given by our sense of sight most of the time gives an accurate data witnessing the world around us. for instant, If we see two persons talking, there is no hesitancy about them actually talking. also If we see the sun during the morning, we all know it is not a cloudy morning. (Kemp, Hollywood, Hort, 2009). 2. Identify and describe at least three (3) factors contributing to the accuracy of sensory data. here are many things that can cause an effect to the accuracy of sensory data. the first and the most primary(prenominal) one is food. our brain like other body part needs talent in wander to work properly as result allow our senses to function well. eating right food with plentiful protein and vitamins especially starches will make our b rain function properly. without the good nutrition our brain will lacks energy as result will effect our sensory data. the second factor is drugs, it has a major chance upon to our sensory accuracy. there are many kinds of drugs like narcotics or pain medication can easily affect the function of our brain. he swelled problem is this kind of medicine will cause body reaction time. also same kind of drug can cause hallucination as result it will cause a serious and log term troubles.Finally, sleep play a big role to contribute on the accuracy of the sensors. we spend a third of our lives doing it. From this sentence we can prosperous see the importance of sleep to our body is like a reset or refresh to the body include the accuracy sensor and make them ready for the next day. (Girodo, 1999) (KirbyGoodpaster,2007,p69-75). 3. Discuss the roles of ? nature? and ? nurture? with regard to the interpretation and evaluation of sensory data. rom many cultures humans are all so alike, we al l have almost the same DNA, and we share almost the same behaviors. However, we are influenced by our family DNA , and by the kind of culture that surrounds us. different aspect of nurture and nature have affected as result make what kind of personality that I have know. Nature contain the characteristic that are patrimonial or hereditary from my dynasty, one thing that nature has impacted me is from my mood. according to my mamas story, my mood as an enfant was very calm. this characteristic keep on as I grow until now I react in very calm way. nd I try to avoid problems as much as I can. an another example of influence of nature is the way that I learn. we I was young I was pronounce as slow learner, I had many problems of memorization skills. this characteristic was due to an inherited from my family.

Hand Made Music Boxes Essay Example for Free

Hand Made Music Boxes testIn a groceryplace where monopolistic competition exists, occupationes operate in a manner wherein producers dole out differentiated products from one another, yet similar. This means that the product is not homogenous. Firms outhouse still market their products by the highlighting the slight differences in their sidetrack. The assorted producers in this type of market argon selling their products, in this case hand do symphony boxes, which act as substitutes. Firms atomic number 18 able to witness the prices in nigh degree within a narrow range of prices. They enter the market if the profits argon showy wherein they can maximize their profit and are left with excess production capacity. In a market where at that place is monopolistic competition, there are many unassailables, which each firm has a small market share and operates independently from each other. (Salvatore, 2007) Enterprise, natural, labor and capital are considered as the f actors of production in the economy. wedded a firm that operates a business in hand made music boxes, these factors of production are important as to gain profit and be able to be emulous in the market.In a monopolistic competitive market, it is assumed that all these factors of production are mobile, in which if these are not being used efficiently, they willing move instantly to where they can be maximized. (Harvey Jowsey, 2007) In an enterprise, entrepreneurial skills are unavoidable to manage and direct the other three factors of production to enable a production of goods or services in the market. Operating a hand made music box needs skills from people that have managerial experiences that can lead the firm into a competitive advantage through efficacious planning and execution in producing the goods needed in the market.This will help in giving the business a competitive advantage wherein the characteristics of the hand made music box of a certain firm is made with fe eling than that of other firms in the market. (Case Fair, 2007) No business can operate without natural or land as part of its factors of production. Land is where the business is being done. It can be a factory, building, inelegant land or office, just this should have a location for it to be established. An access to land is needed in setting up firms. (Case Fair, 2007) Hand made music box business needs a factory for the assembly of split and for storing.Moreover, this business needs a shop for the goods to be displayed so that the goods can be seen by the consumers that will buy the product. Access to land and property can raise the streamer of production as well as be to a greater extent competent in the market. (American Journal of economics and Sociology, 2002) Businesses manage to exist because of its labor force. Firms do need people who can do hours of work for them. In making hand made music boxes, there can be a composition of various assembly lines. These assemb ly lines are made up of people that will do specific parts in making the hand made music boxes of the firm.Skilled workers help the firm in having competitive advantage in the market. In a competitive market, skills of workers are important to produce high quality goods that can be sold to consumers. This will result in a high advantage of a certain firm that employs highly skilled workers over those firms that employ lesser skilled people. (Harvey Jowsey, 2007) In every(prenominal) business setting, capital should be present. Capital refers to equipments used by firms to produce goods. The workers of a hand made music box business need equipments for the production of the goods. These equipments will help the production be more effective and efficient.In a competitive market where different firms compete for products being sold to consumers, a firm needs capital that will increase the quality of the product. This will make the firm more advantageous in terms of output and quality in the market. (Harvey Jowsey, 2007) Given that the situated market is in a monopolistic competition scenario, a firms imply curve will hybridize the industrys demand curve at the firms equilibrium level of output and price. (Weins, 1999) This explains why the demand curve is relatively elastic and downward sloping, which can be associated to a flat, but not horizontal demand curve.Firms in this type of market will have less control over price to charge their output. A firm that makes profit in the short-run will discriminate even eventually because of a decrease in demand in the long-run, which in this case will result in a zero economic profit. (Duffy, 1993) Considering the law of supply, monopolistic competitive markets might not produce large quantities as a response to higher prices. The hindrance to the positive-quantity supply relation is the market control and downward sloping demand curve among monopolistic competitive markets.Monopolistic competitive firms are conside red to be price-searchers rather than price-takers because prices will change by the comparison of marginal revenue with marginal damage in every possible price along with the market demand curve. Prices are not fixed equal to marginal revenue furthermore, it is not equal to marginal cost and price. Thus, as a result, firms do not essentially supply more quantities of goods at lower prices. (Harvey Jowsey, 2007) In the short-run, individual firms behave homogeneous a monopoly thus they can raise their prices leaving the consumers options to buy similar goods from other firms.As for the long-run, there is a free entry condition where firms continue to occur in the market leaving the demand curve to continually shift leftward until the time when each of the firm put ons a zero economic profit. Firms earn economic profit or loss in the short run, but eventually, new entrants will be attracted to profits thus would result to losses until these firms earn zero economic profit. The hand made music box firms will compete in the market for the available consumers that will purchase the goods.

Thinking About Rewards Essay Example for Free

Thinking About Rewards EssayFrom the obligate empower Dump the Cash, Load On The Praise, why is salary exclusively non a motivator? harmonise to the article, while bullion has its merits and value, it is often not enough. Studies show that employees curb alship canal valued other things to a greater extent than money. These other things includeverbal and non-verbal affirmations and praise of performancethe respect of colleagues and peers qualitying that one is making a contributionhaving interesting campaign, and ascertainting obscure in and being informed about whats oversteping inside the play along. The article explains that lore is vital in boosting an employees esteem, which would in turn improve his/her performance. Recognition makes the employee do roughthing redundant because he/she knows that someone will notice and someone will care. In contrast, relying on money alone will get the scarper done. But it is not necessary the employees best field. It was also found that in this situation, employees often do their least, and do not go above and beyond expectations. In addition to money, the article suggests a compendium of motivators praise, recognition, promotion and growth opportunities, and challenging work. After reading Nelsons top ten ways to motivate todays employees list, identify five suggestions from that list that would be exerciseive strategies to use to motivate you as an employee. Explain. Be willing to take the time to meet with and listen to employeesas much as they need or destiny. This is close important to me at my current job, because above all, I need to look on about the job. Having constant discussions with my knob would not only help me in the learning process, it also gives me a chance to clarify some things, as well as, provide an indicator of my progress. Provide specific feedback about performance of the person, the department and the shaping. Basically, for reasons the homogeneous as above. Only this would also provide me with a glimpse of what values, attitudes and performance indicators are acquiring to a greater extent weight. It also helps me learn more about the company, the volume and the dynamics. Strive to create a work purlieu that is open, trusting and fun. Encourage new ideas and initiative. I akin to work in an environment where I dont line up the need to conform to everyone elses expectations. And since I am new, I expect to contribute some dodges that I begin learned in the past. I want to be able to try out these systems without any disquietude of making mistakes, the corresponding mistakes that we all can learn from. I would like to be able to present ideas and not be shot down without getting heard. Involve employees in decisions, especially when those decisions affect them. I think its only fair to involve me in decisions about things that would affect me, both on a personal and professional level. That way, I can share my situation and opinions. It would also make me feel like my inputs are important, while giving me an opportunity to better understand the issue from the managements perspective. Give people a chance to grow and learn new skills. Show them how you can help them meet their goals within the background of meeting the organizations goals. Create a partnership with each employee. Probably, the first thing that would make me leave is a sense of stagnation the feeling that I am no foresightfuler learning or the things Im doing is getting routine. From the Getting Happy with the Rewards King article, do you agree with Bob Nelsons position that while money is important to employees, thoughtful recognition motivates them to perform at higher levels? Contrast Nelsons perspective with that of Alfie Kohn in the For surmount Results, Forget the Bonus article where he argues that rewards dont work. I agree with Nelson when he says that money is not everything, and that recognition motivates people to work at higher lev els. I watch seen this happen many times at work, with myself, or with my colleagues. Ive seen it happen in school. It is also intuitive, and common sense. You cant get anything from beating a dead donkey. In the same manner that you cant get the best work out of a demoralized employee. Recognition fixs the employees self-esteem, and shows him/her what is important in the organization. It helps him/her create positive relationships with colleagues and superiors. Nelsons empirical ideas is back by years of experience in human resources. Kohn, on the other hand, drives home the point that the effect of rewards is, at most, temporary. Kohn argues that rewards are more like punishment. However, unlike Nelson, Kohns arguments are not rooted in research, or empirical observations. In fact, Kohns ideas run contrary to what Ive seen and learned thus far. Sure, Kohn cites studies but fails to name them. I feel that the conclusions derived from these studies (if they do, in fact, exist) are either limited, or erroneous. Organizational behavior is a complex phenomenon that its difficult to commode out extraneous variables, even in most experimental settings. Kohn relates the commenceings found at an unnamed midwestern company, where an incentive system was taken out.At first, Kohn says, the production went down as expected, but in the long term, production rose to a level at par or higher than before. Since the study was not in truth named, we could only judge it from what Kohn wrote. Firstly, it seems simplistic that an experience or result at one company should apply to the general population. Secondly, Kohn failed to eliminate other causes, like the workers learning more about their processes or extra machinery acquired, and other things. For me, Kohns cited studies seem generally unscientific and and their applications are profoundly limited. However, Kohn succeeds in explaining why recognition should work. Ironically, by comparing recognition and punishment, K ohn showed us that recognition as a catalyst for behavioral change has the same impact as punishment. We all report to work on time to avoid pay deduction, or a warning. We dont smoke in areas were not supposed to, because of the company policy, or the indignant stares we get. Like it or not, punishment works. By equating recognition with punishment, Kohn undermines his statement that recognition do not and will not work. And since Kohn cites studies from social psychology, it would be interesting to know what Kohn thinks of conditioning theorists like Skinner who expoused the importance of positive reinforcer on behavior changes and learning. In the end, all Kohn is arguing is the value of the reward involved, not the recognition system per se. For Kohn, a reward of higher value would make recognitions impact more felt. grok is cited as among the Fortunes Best Companies (33 on the 2007 list, up from 78 in 2004) to work for because they have a corporate assimilation that is alway s focused on employee recognition. Go to the Intuit website and review their rewards program for employees http//web.intuit.com/about_intuit/careers/rewards/ . In light of our readings on rewards, what is your assessment of the Intuit rewards culture? If I were to serve as a judge for Fortunes Best Companies to work for, Intuit would jump from 33 to at least the top 20. For one, Intuit has an enviable benefits package, including medical, vision and dental plans, a flexible spending account benefit, stock plans, supporter and referral programs. While the Web site is largely silent on non-cash recognition, it can be inferred that the company cares for its employees. Its disability insurance that pays up to 70% of the employees canonic salary promotes a sense of security for its labor force, in the event that something bad happens to them. The companys openness and assistance in their employees savings, as well as its assistance programs, also speaks about the companys concern. The company is also affiliated to help employees learn formally with a tuition assistance programs. Furthermore, the company even pays for their employees gym memberships and physical fitness classes. More than that, the company says on its Web site that employees are recognized through cash and non-cash incentives. Intuit is redress up there on the list of best companies to work for because of all these. They are right on target and on track with recognizing their employees, making them a company to be emulated by others.How does your organization stack up with respect to creative and fun work environments with respect to reward systems? I have just been recently hired as a contact representative by the Social security Administration. Even though I am still in training, I find that my job is fulfilling establish on what my colleagues tell me and what I see from them. First off, I have a supervisor who provides me regular feedback on my performance and how I am progressing, and even the things that I need to address or learn more. I work at an office that specifically values respect among its workers and to its callers. There is actually a written policy that says each employee must treat other employeesand customerswith respect, regardless of their race, gender, age, religion, etc. My colleagues are actually very friendly and helpful. I also find that the very nature of my worktalking to a variety of people about their social security, their checks, and their benefitsis stimulating for me. There is always a new case with new bunch every single day. I am grateful that my colleagues also find time to share their stories and their work. At various points of the day, we share tips on how to handle irate callers, or how to best process a complaint, or what to do in a particular instance. Even if the SSA is a very structured organization, I find that we have leeways in handling calls. We actually can use our own methods in answering calls and getting the informati on to the callers. Its not that stiff. The quality of your work is based on how clearly youve communicated the information to the caller, and how you handled the caller. Whats more, I work with people that puts a high value on camaraderie. Just yesterday, a colleague celebrated her birthday, and everybody chipped in to buy her a big chocolate cake, while our department boss gave her a bouquet of flowers. I think Im going to like it there. In your experience, is employee recognition a scarce commodity in organizations? wherefore is that so? No. I think I have been very lucky to be involved in organizations in the past that respected and valued diversity and initiative. In a way, I have been praised for my work. I have also been objectively reprimanded for lapses. I am currently in an organization that strives to build relationships among its people. The same organization that is very clear with what it aims to achieve, and rewards the people who makes it happen. Its not really just about commissions, or big fat incentives. Recognition comes in various forms. My personal criteria is that if it makes you feel warm all over, if it boosts your self-esteem, if it makes you want to repeat your behavior, then thats recognition. What is the most important lesson you took away from these readings and discussion? My most important lesson is that while recognition has profound positive effects on the employeesand ultimately, the organizationit doesnt have to be expensive. Recognition could be as simplex as a pat on the back, a level-headed word, or singling out the employee/s who did good and thanking them. Recognition does not have to be elaborate, it just have to be apparent.

Contemporary Politics and Economics in Mexico Essay Example for Free

Contemporary Politics and Economics in Mexico Essay everyplace the course of Mexican history, the governmental and frugal state of Mexico has been largely unstable. The nation was marked by tyrannic shifts in party-list (and their candidates) and their constant bickering with each other the deformed presidency, the elite and the semipolitical group keepled the economic fervor with constant insurgencies from the lower classes the shift of the informal traditional relatively closed mart formation to an international open trading system as a form of globalization and finally, the drastic environmental events, same the 1985 earthquake which had shaken up the nation. In the following paper, there is an attempt to elucidate the unruffled forces that govern the Mexican politics and economics from 1980s to the contemporary times. Mexican politics was largely located by the evolution of the ruling party Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI), their gradual shifts or hold in po wer from a hegemonic- (1929 to 1979), bipartisan- (1979 to 1985) and finally, the pluripartisan stage (1988-2000).The bipartisan stage marked the initial infiltration of the opposing party Partido Accion Nacional (PAN) and the strong comptetion surrounded by the PRI, PAN and the PRD (Partido de la Revolucion Democratica during the pluripartic years. PRI had a hold on presidential seat for 71 years until it was mystify to a stop in the 2000 elections. The presidential monarchy from 1970 to 1982 coincided with a period of sh ared development in political organization with the emergence of the bourgeoisie in governmental positions and puts an end to the sustained economy that Mexico originally enjoyed to a lower place the Echeverria .To combat the economic crisis and peso devaluation, the present move to intervene with the entrepreneurial activities, thus sparking State-Entrepeneur dissent the closed-door businesses erected Entrepreneurial Coordinating Council (ECC) institutions as a protective mechanism. Portillo delivered his counterattack by nationalizing bank systems and increasing the pursuance rates. Mexico experienced general economic quagmire inflation, external inequity, currency devaluation, peso flight, mounting unemployment and low get power in 1976, 1982, 1987 e. g. 59 % inflation and 1994-95 with place periods of mild economic recuperation.The September 19 1985 earthquake, which killed approximately 6,500 to 30,000 individuals, exasperate the economic crisis. The 80s were rule by neoliberal (semi-democratized state implementing free election rule) over the freemarket system, as a result of mounting external debts and the Washington Consensus. The freemarket system/informal market system originally dominated by local street market vendor types, became an open humdrum to international financial organizations like the World Bank to negotiate for the debts.The State Restructuring generally involved administration modernization, openness of the national market/ participation with free trade with the State neighbors (e. g. 1986 General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs), privatization of public enterprises, and instauration of radical social and political reforms to the relatively traditional State. The Restructuring debilitated the State with most of the reforms resulting to dispersed control in politics, loss of ethics in politicians and political institutions, and mounting economic problems.The Neoliberal State, 1982-2000, demonstrated a stunningly low GIP per head of 0. 3 %. With income distribution becoming more unequal. The year 1994 marked the participation of State to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Inequality in income and devaluation of the market toll coupled with the global inflation of prices created insurgencies from the lower classes and the emergence of anti-political groups like the Zapatista Army of National Liberation from the State of Chiapaz.The peso devaluation, increased exchange rate volatility and meltdown of stocks will persist up to the accepted state of economic affairs. This was naturally fueled by distrust of external investors to the weak form of governance. national Electoral Institute, mediated by ordinary citizens was erected in the early 90s to ensure that elections are clean compared to PRI dirty appointing of offices in the past. Quesada won the 2000 election due to the insurgency and popular voting but have few votes from the Congress.It was the former President Zedillo who officiated the electoral results thus stunting the chance of PRI to question the results. The administration of Fox subscribe up with the Security and Prosperity Partnership of North America with the hope of modernizing the reforms and the pre-existing labor laws, hatchway investments in the energy sector, and improving the infrastructure. The 1994 NAFTA agreement beneficial effects were apparently not agreed upon by participants.Whereas the US reiterates that there is speeding up of the economic activity of the free market system of Mexico as indicated by the thrillion dollar class, the quick economic growth did not improved the standards of living of the lower and middle class. Calderon, the current president of the Mexico and also a PAN member, experienced many oppositions from the PRD the attacks were on post-electoral and on Banobras-borrowing.Calderon attempted to reduce the economic crisis of the country by producing reforms like Tortilla Price Stabilization Pact, salary caps, security policy and first employment program. The current presidents waged an active advocacy against drugs. The contemporary politics and economic changes in Mexico are centered on neo-liberalism with opening of the State to globalized free trade. The drastic results of the State restructuring persisted up to now and the reforms enacted by the current government will hopefully resolved the problems.

Security Site Survey Essay Example for Free

Security Site Survey EssayThe security survey at the DeVry somatic sum was conducted on June 10, 2013, by Christian Moreno who was retained by the DeVry University for this purpose. development set forth in this address was obtained from Gregory Smith, Executive Vice President Chief Financial Officer, and from David Davis, Facilities private instructor, and from personal observations of Thomas Brown during the inspection of this facility.This plow is intended as a detailed audit of all phases of the DeVry Corporate Center security operations and a review and evaluation of those aras and activities most vulnerable to the theft or safety risks. Neither the DeVry Corporate Center nor the writer of this report is in a position to evaluate the integrity of the employees of DeVry University and this report does non attempt to do so.Summary The DeVry Center is located on a four-acre plot of land in downtown New York City. It is a 30-story corporate tower high-rise, which includ es 1,250 underground parking garage spaces and a rooftop garden. manifestation of the construct was completed in December of 2008, and 27 of the 30 floors argon occupied by tenants. Currently, in that location are 1,800 tenants in the building, which has a maximum capacity of 2,000.THE CAMPUS DeVry occupies five floors in the 24-story building at clxxx Madison Avenue. The campuss 48,750 square feet of space provide an outstanding, professionally attractive, high-tech learning environment for students. DeVry has 12 classrooms and s rase-spot state-of-the art laboratories. The classrooms have an average seating capacity of 20 students. The campus is equipped with a wireless communicate to accomodate laptop computers. There are three labs supporting the electronics programs averaging 21 seats. There is one Network testing ground designed to support individual networks with a capacity of 18 positions.The remaining labs support the Computer Information Systems programs as headspr ing as those business and other programs requiring the use of personal computers. Science and Biomed classes are taught in the Physics Lab. The Physics Lab is equipped with networked PCs and scientific testing equipment. The library has over 18,000 paper and electronic titles, 60 paper periodicals, 9 databases and 25 computer workstations for student use. The Academic Support Center provides students with uninvolved tutoring, computer-assisted instruction, and workshops on various instructional topics. Physical SecurityThe receptionist desk is staffed from 8 AM until 7 PM even though the company operates 24 hours a day. During other hours the security guard is stationed at the receptionists desk. Electronic identification cards are used by employees to gain access to the exterior doors as well as interior doors on a restricted basis. A six-hour taking into custody backup brass is a component of the door control system to ensure security in the event of a bureau failure. Addition ally, there is a lockbox for keys to be used in an emergency and it is located in the Facilities Managers office. A security guard patrols the exterior of the building and the parking lot during times when the receptionist is on duty.The security guard escorts the cleaning crew when working in the premises. Campus security personnel patrol the building on a regular basis (Monday through Friday from 700 a.m. to 1100 p.m. and Saturdays from 730 a.m. to 700 p.m.) and are alert to any suspicious activity. Security personnel report any possible poisonous activity to local law enforcement personnel, and any possible code of conduct violation to the doyen of assimilators. The Dean of Student Services also acts as the New York City Community Affairs Officer to countenance in the proctoring of all crimes that occur on or around campus grounds. Campus safety and security is the divided responsibility of both students and staff. To enhance student and staff awareness of their responsibilit ies for their own safety the following go away be provided throughout the year. * Pamphlets on personal safety are posted on bulletin boards and on tap(predicate) in Student Services. * Campus security has a copy of the evacuation plan.* The Student Handbook includes emergency remember numbers for students, faculty and staff. * Displays of safety/security information are set up in the Lobby, Student Services Office and/or the Student Commons. * School publications are used as a forum for topics on the necessity of taking control of personal safety. * Procedures for informing appropriate personnel of any emergencies and emergency evacuation procedures are available in each department.Alarm System There is an alarm system installed but since the company operates around the clock there has never been the need to activate it. There are two emergency exits which are alarmed and clearly labeled.Closed Circuit Television CCTV There are sixteen closed circuit digital color cameras and t he file is maintained for a period of xxx days. The monitors are located in the Facilities Mangers office and at the receptionists desk. Another monitor is located in the vault area to allow employees there to view the lobby outside the shipping/receiving area.Visitors Visitor Log Visitors are required to sign in a log at the receptionists desk and wear a visitor badge while on the premises. Recommendation The implementation of Universal approach path Cards would allow an observer to track a persons movement on site. In the matter of such cards, it is believe that some degree of track ability is acceptable. Naturally, certain sensitive non-facility areas must be treated with care. For example, payroll and human resources some other areas of administration must be come-at-able to students without requiring them to use their unique access card. Other tracking may possible with the introduction of networked swipe-card locks, even if the genuine transmission of data from the lock to the data center is encrypted (as the company requires from its future contractor).

Myth and Thomas Jefferson Essay Example for Free

fabrication and doubting doubting Thomas Jefferson adjudicateEssayTopic Comp ar and Contrast Thomas Jeffersons first inaugural address (Chapter 15 in Readings in unify estates History) and Hope and Heritage Myth and Thomas Jefferson, (Chapter 14 in Readings in fall in States History) Do you want to know who you are? Dont ask. Act Action will delineate and mold you. (By Thomas Jefferson). Thomas Jefferson, who was born on April 13 1743 and died on July 4 1826, was the son of a pie-eyed uneducated planter from Western Virginia. He was the first to go to College in his family and he attended the College of William and Mary. He was dreaming active a society where men would be evaluatord by what they prevail accomplished and by their taste .He was the third president of the United States of America (From 1801 to 1809) and also the first United States Secretary of State (From 1790 to 1793 ).He was much more founder of the University of Virginia. Philosopher, cofounder of the oldest political start upy in the nation, coauthor of the Declaration of Independence. In this essay, we are going to compare and telephone circuit Thomas Jeffersons first inaugural address (Chapter 15 in Readings in United States History) and Hope and Heritage Myth and Thomas Jefferson, (Chapter 14 in Readings in United States History).In his book The Jefferson image in the American Mind (1960), the writer Merrill Peterson is fundamentally showing how Americans people see Thomas Jefferson. They have always seen him as a particular man, a symbol for the United States of America .Therefore, many people took their time to find out something wrong close that man. The man who started criticizing him as probably the writer Leonard Levys in his Book Jefferson and Civil Liberties The Darker align. In Chapter 14 Hope and Heritage Myth and Thomas Jefferson, Gordon Wood really talks about Jeffersons personal life. Thomas Jefferson is described as someone who had passion for partisan per secution, someone who didnt care about the civil liberties,someone who thought he was morally perfect and used to judge people around him. In the chapter, they are comparing him to his friend James Madison. Thomas Jefferson wasnt cerebration about the country like Madison when he was taking decisions. While taking his decisions, he was for the most part concerned about what his French friends would think of it than the needs of the American population.The main portion of Jeffersons life, was his bear on to abolish slavery. As it is written in this chapter, Thomas Jefferson hated slavery. He worked really hard to negociate it in New Western territories. But apparently, he was never able to set all his slaves free. more recent historians claimed that Jeffersons acting toward Black people was very disgusting, revolting. Especially for someone who claimed that he cherished to eradicate slavery. During his life, he wanted to make sure that the eradication of slavery will be attach to by the deportation of Back people of the country. For him, Black people living in a whiteneds man America was totally unbearable. He was Racist. In his mind, Black men were extremely inferior to White Not only in Body but also in mind. batch were surprised to see hear him talk about freedom and control Black slaves at the similar time. Most people started to think that he was a hypocrite. In 1802, James Callender, a political pamphleteer and diarist pointed the fat that Tomas Jefferson maintained Sally Hemings a Black Slave as a mistress and fathered her with mingled children.This was barely believable because everybody knew him as a man who always suppressed his passions. In addition to that, Thomas Jefferson was a man of the eighteenth century, an intelligent man, conventional, and enlightened. But he also had his own weaknesses. Jefferson was fully part of the Enlightenment in the United States of America. His desire to know everything and his open-minded character put him on the line of longitude of the American Enlightenment. Unlike in Chapter 14 (Hope and Heritage Myth and Thomas Jefferson), Chapter 15 ( root Inaugural Address, 1801) is basically Thomas Jeffersons speech which marks the abolition of one of the worst period in the United States of America. The First Inaugural Address of Thomas Jefferson is lionizing the most important election in the history as Thomas Jefferson was succeeding to John Adams as president. During 1790s, some divisions were created between the Federalists (Hamilton and Adams) and the Republicans (Jefferson and Madison) due to the opposition to Hamiltons fiscal policies and polemics over foreign policy.Thomas Jefferson wasthe first President to take office in the new ceiling city of Washington. In his speech, Thomas Jefferson says Every difference of opinion is not a difference of principle. We have called by different names brethren of the same principle. We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists. He is basi cally telling his Fellow-Citizens that even though there are some differences, both Federalists and Republicans are serving the same constitution and following the same principles. What is different is the way each of them interprets and apply it. He is calling for Union. Jefferson wants a government when no one will injure another where each citizen will work. In his partisanship, the First Inaugural of Jefferson mingles the American past of Washington and some heroes into his different principles .By making his partys conquest a victory for all the country, the speech sets the standard for inaugural addresses.In Conclusion, we were ask to compare and contrast Thomas Jeffersons Inaugural Address (Chapter 15 in Readings of the United States History) and Hope and Heritage Myth and Thomas Jefferson (Chapter 14 in Readings of the United States History).We can undoubtedly say that Thomas Jefferson was a huge Leader. It is therefore all the more important to see and distinguish where h e had success and also where he failed. Whenever something is great, people will always try to find out the Bad in it and thats what happened to Thomas Jefferson. But it doesnt change anything to what he has accomplished for the United States of America. Till today, no other general anatomy in the American history as reached that standard.

Enter Golden Gator Essay Example for Free

Enter Golden Gator Essay iodin evening, zoo officials and animal experts alike captured a 3-foot alli alligator at the Presidios Mountain Lake. With the help of an expert alligator trapper, they were able to snare the 2-year old alligator by rod, reel, and hook. However, it did elude them a lot of times over. galore(postnominal) wondered how he even got to the lake on the first place. Some assumed that someone may have go forth him there, or was able to seek refuge and survive by eating fish, frogs, tadpoles, and insects. The little alligator anchor a new home at the San Francisco zoo, according to the zoos general curator, David Robinett. He added that the gator will be quarantined for 30 days. Further more than, mice will be added on his diet during that said time period. The presence of the gator at the Bay area, especially on the mountain lake, aroused the curiosity of the people. It seems that gators tend to be more adaptive to colder conditions as opposed to their tropi cal cousins, the crocodiles. In a Name the Gator contest sponsored by the San Francisco Examiner

Role of energy in the body Essay Example for Free

Role of energy in the trunk EssayEnergy is needed to open blood, lymph and tissue fluid through and throughout the body it is necessary for airing and taking in oxygen it is necessary for making new cells for carrying out growth and repair it is use to transmit nerve impulses so that it seat respond to changes in the environment and it is needed to build various entangled molecules such as enzymes and hormones from the wide-eyed molecules produced after digestion of food.Cardiovascular systemThe heart is a muscular pump which forces blood round the body through a system of blood vessels, namely arteries, veins and capillaries. Blood carries dissolved oxygen to the body cells and at the same time removes the waste products of respiration, carbon dioxide and water. However, blood is also important in distributing heat around the body, on with hormones, nutrients, salts, enzymes and urea. It is important that the blood flows in only one direction through the heart so it i s supplied with excess valves to ensure that this happens.Blood pressureThe force blood exerts on the walls of the blood vessels it is passing through is cognise as the blood pressure (BP). It can be measured using a special piece of equipment called a sphygmomanometer.Blood vesselsArteries and arterioles Arteries leave the heart and supply secondaryer vessels known as arterioles which, in turn, supply the smallest blood vessels, the capillaries. Arteries usually carry oxygenated blood. The exceptions are the pulmonary and umbilical arteries carrying, respectively, blood to the lungs and placenta in maternal quality for oxygenation.The digestive systemThe alimentary canal is a tube that extends from the lecture to the anus. It is dilated, folded and puckered in various places along its length. Many glands are associated with the alimentary canal, and have important roles to play in digestion. When food is taken into the mouth it is mixed with saliva, chewed or masticated by the action of the tongue and teeth, rolled into a small ball known as a bolus, and swallowed. This process is called mechanical digestion and is an important part of physically breaking the food voltaic pile at an early stage.The salivary glandsThree pairs of salivary glands pour their secretions known as saliva into the mouth. Saliva, a digestive juice, contains an enzyme known as salivary amylase, which begins the digestion of carbohydrates as well as lubricating the mouth and helping bolus formation.The hold outThe stomach is the widest part of the alimentary canal. Food can stay in the stomach for up to terce hours, with a protein meal remaining the longest and food not containing protein passing through relatively quickly. During this time, the knock-down(prenominal) stomach walls roll and churn the food around and pour on secretions from the gastric glandsThe ileumThe remainder of the small intestine, known as the ileum, is mainly concerned with the absorption of the now fully digested food. It is specially adapted for this by long length. folded interior. lining covered in many thousands of tiny projections called villi. epithelial cells of villi covered in microvilli, projections so small that they can only be detected using an electron microscope.The liverThe liver is a large dark-red organ. It has a multitude of vital functions in the body, one of which is to produce bile. Bile contains no enzymes at all, but it provides important bile salts that cause the emulsification of fats (lipids) in the duodenumThe pancreasThe pancreas is a slim, leaf-shaped gland, located between the intestines and the stomach, close to the duodenum. It secretes enzyme-rich pancreatic juice as well as alkaline salts needed to neutralise the acidic secretions from the stomach. Pancreatic enzymes go to work on all three macronutrients (protein, fat and carbohydrate) and are important agents for the complete breakdown of the complex food molecules into amino acids, glucose and similar simple sugars, bufflehead acids and glycerol. Major products of digestion-Peptides and amino acids are nitrogenous compounds. Sugars-Glycerol and fatty acids glycerol is employ for energy or reconverting fatty acids into a form of fat which can be stored. -Fat is stored under the skin and around organs where it forms a long-term energy store to be used after glycogen stores are depleted.http//books.google.co.uk/books?id=4osMUZqXDv4Cpg=PA223lpg=PA223dq=circulate+blood,+lymph+and+tissue+fluid+throughout+the+body+it+is+necessary+for+breathing+and+taking+in+oxygen+it+is+necessary+for+making+new+cells+for+carrying+out+growth+and+repair+it+is+used+to+transmit+nerve+impulses+so+that+it+can+respond+to+changes+in+the+environment+and+it+is+needed+to+build+different+complex+molecules+such+as+enzymes+and+hormones+from+the+simple+molecules+produced+after+digestion+of+food.source=blots=H2vrAem_qwsig=Hm34STuu06FNY2oXXPVbgrRVjzwhl=ensa=Xei=55fQUNTWHPSS0QX72oDoBQved=0CDIQ6AEwAAv=onepageq=c irculate%20blood%2C%20lymph%20and%20tissue%20fluid%20throughout%20the%20body%3B%20it%20is%20necessary%20for%20breathing%20and%20taking%20in%20oxygen%3B%20it%20is%20necessary%20for%20making%20new%20cells%20for%20carrying%20out%20growth%20and%20repair%3B%20it%20is%20used%20to%20transmit%20nerve%20impulses%20so%20that%20it%20can%20respond%20to%20changes%20in%20the%20environment%3B%20and%20it%20is%20needed%20to%20build%20different%20complex%20molecules%20such%20as%20enzymes%20and%20hormones%20from%20the%20simple%20molecules%20produced%20after%20digestion%20of%20food.f=false

An Analytical View of Women in Politics

An Analytical View of Wo hands in PoliticsAchieving the goal of oppose participation of wo proceedingforce and men in decision making willing provide a balance that more than accurately reflects the piece of music of society and is needed in order to strengthen democracy and erect its proper functioning Without the sprightly participation of women and the incorporation of womens perspectives at either levels of decision-making, the goals of referity, development and peace can non be achieved. Fourth World assembly on Women, Beijing, 1995 Article 181Women re chip in more than half of the lands macrocosm and just less than half of the planetary electorate. Nevertheless, women constitute a marginal proportion of re openatives in the worlds legislative bodies. In 2008, the average rate of egg-producing(prenominal) representation in discipline parliaments stands at a meager 18 per cent. India has of yet managed notably restrain success in rectifying these imbalances, wit h women currently passing only 8 per cent of parliamentary seats. Although India was unitary of the head start democratic kingdoms to grant women the vote, women atomic number 18 neither represented in the legislative spaces nor contributing towards the fakeation of farmingal laws.1I measure the progress of a community by the degree of progress which women countenance achieved. B.R. Ambedkar taking measures to enhance the status and visibility of women is faultfinding for sustainable progress against the range of human development indicators, both beca subroutine women are particularly vulnerable to mixer and economic marginalisation when resources are scarce, and because women are critical agents in the development processes. According to various inter field of study discovers, development in India is being severely hampered by the comprehensiveness of the gender gap and limited womanish participation in tradition eithery male dominated institutions and cordial strat a. at that place are countless studies to demonstrate the effectiveness of womens em spotment as a tool for development. For example, Kerala and Manipur stand experienced rapid progress in improving health and reducing mortality and fertility grade the benefits of which affect men as well as women and in these introduces women alike play a decisive complaisant and economic role. This correlation should not be surprising, given that nutrition and child health more often than not f on the whole within the remit of the womans house open decisions. Ultimately, healthy, educated and empowered women are more seeming to displace healthy, educated and confident children and engage positively with the life of the community (UNICEF). To debar gender discrepancy and promote female potency, womens decision making capacity must therefore be enhanced within the household, the body of work and the semipolitical sphere. Increased political captivate should have reverberations for wo mens equality in the former(a) two realms, which will in turn have implications for Indias performance against all milestones for tender progress.Women and ReservationReservation of seats is a basic, consistent and logical step towards both womens emancipation and inclusive development particularly for a brass which promised that the equal access to participation and decision making of women in the social, political and economic life of the nation would be at the heart of its agenda2. The concept of democracy will only assume true(p) and dynamic significance when political parties and national legislatures are decided upon jointly by men and women in equitable regard for the interests and aptitudes of both halves of the population.3Whilst there is no universally accepted definition of democracy, any usable analysis must include two complete principals all members of the society must have equal access to power, and all members must revel universally recognized freedoms and lib erties. The Indian model of democracy also prioritizes representation so as to avoid the pitfalls of majority rule. On this basis, there already exists a quota for schedule Castes and Scheduled Tribes. It is transcend from the statistics alone that women do not have easy access to traditional power structures. Their entry into public spaces is persistently disabled by prevailing historical constructions of gender, created and perpetuated by the dominant institutions such as family, religion, education and the State. Nevertheless, the nature of this relationship also means that the same institutions which created the imbalance can move responsibility for its repair. The final objective of making is to subjoin womens visibility in all policy decisions on the basis that all policy decisions affect women as well as men, and affect women differently to men. This applies as to the harder issues such as trade, industry, agriculture, defence, employment and so ontera, as it does to those softer issues which are traditionally assigned to women politicians. Political participation of all sections of society is essential for building a functioning and representative democracy. Women must therefore be present in new arenas of decision making, with their experiences, perspectives and visions of the future informing public debate. Reservation will provide choose women with the ability to compliment elected men in making the rules that apply equally to both sexes, and which women are equally expected to abide by.The World sparing Forums annual Gender Gap Report (2007) confirm that there are just six countries Iran, Bahrain, Oman, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Yemen performing worse against economic parameters, with women constituting a holy 3 per cent of legislators, senior officials and managers and making up 90 per cent of informal workers in the economy. Against other major indicators, there is also immense cause for concern India has the largest number of mater nal deaths in the world and shocking rates of female malnutrition, and a woman in India has lesser chance of survival than in all but 2 of 128 countries. The oft-discussed imbalance in the sex ratio can be attributed not only to female infanticide, as is often assumed but to sustained neglect from infancy of female health, nutrition and wellbeing. A female child child is up to 3 times more likely to be malnourished than her brother (UN), and is also significantly more likely to drop out of school out front completing a full eight years of education. As well as passive neglect, force play against women and girl children is on the rise the number of rapes per day has change magnitude by nearly 700 per cent since 1971, and thousands of serving deaths occur each year.4In 1990, the coupled Nations Economic and Social Council endorsed the effectuation of measures to reach a localize of 30% women in national legislatures by 1995. Nearly 20 years later, women occupy only 18% of pa rliamentary seats around the world, and at the current rate of progress it has been estimated that gender parity in parliaments will not be achieved until the turn of the twenty-second century (Norris 2004). More countries are therefore deciding to implement a fast track route to tackling structural discrimination and increasing female participation. During the last-place 15 years, nearly 50 countries have introduced legal quotas for women, which guarantee a minimum representation of women in their highest decision making bodies. Percentage of women representatives in ParliamentNordic countries 41.4%Americas 21.8%Europe (excluding Nordic countries) 19.1%Asia 17.4%Sub-Saharan Africa 17.2% peaceful 13.4%Arab states 9.6%In the high performing Nordic countries, no constitutional clause or law demands a high representation of women rather, womens groups have exerted sustained pressure on the major political parties to voluntarily look increases in the number and caliber of femal e candidates being fielded through party lists. However, this was not introduced until women were already present in the Parliament, and already holding between 20 and 30% of the seats. Elsewhere, there have been numerous problems with implementation and enforcement of party quotas. In France, for example, many political parties have preferred to pay fines rather than put their women candidates up for election. In October 2003, Rwanda came closer than any other country to achieving parity between men and women in a national legislature, with reservation of seats securing 48.8% women in the Lower House and 34.6% in the Upper House. Taiwan has introduced an outwardly complicated but well-functioning system of reservation. In addition to a stipulated number of seats reserved specifically for women, there is also a policy of reserving every fifth seat in a soil for the best performing female candidate. It is therefore in the interests of the parties to nominate women of the highest po ssible caliber so as to guarantee winning the womans seat. Moreover, the women are directly elected and are therefore treated as veritable political actors. Currently, women ministers remain concentrated in social areas (14%) rather than legal (9.4%), economic (4.1%), political (3.4%) and executive (3.9%), and there are just 13 female heads of state across the globe5.The proponents of the policy of reservation state that although equality of the sexes is enshrined in the Constitution, it is not the reality. Therefore, vigorous optimistic action is required to improve the tally of women. Also, there is evidence that political reservation has increased redistribution of resources in favour of the groups which benefit from reservationA study about the effect of reservation for women in panchayats shows that women elected under the reservation policy aim more in the public goods closely linked to womens concernsA 2008 study, commissioned by the Ministry of panchayati Raj, reveals t hat a copious proportion of women representatives perceive an enhancement in their self-esteem, confidence and decision-making ability.Some opponents argue that separate constituencies for women would not only narrow their outlook but lead to perpetuation of unequal status because they would be seen as not competing on merit. For instance, in the Constituent Assembly, Mrs Renuka Ray argued against reserving seats for women When there is reservation of seats for women, the question of their precondition for general seats, however competent they may be, does not usually arise. We feel that women will get more chances if the consideration is of ability alone. Opponents also contend that reservation would not lead to political empowerment of women because big issues of electoral reforms such as measures to check criminalisation of politics, internal democracy in political parties, influence of black money, etc. have not been addressed, andIt could lead to election of proxies or relati ves of male candidatesThe recent UNO continue shows that Women hold just over 18 per cent of the seats in parliaments around the world. This represents a 60 per cent increase since 1995 but it is still a long way to go to achieve equality with men in national legislative bodies.During 2008, parliamentary elections and renewals took place in 54 countries and womens representation increased to 18.3 per cent up from 17.7 per cent last year and 11.3 per cent in 1995, the Inter-Parliamentary Union report said. The U.N. Economic and Social Council had set a target of having a minimum of 30 per cent women lawmakers in all parliaments by 1995. According to the IPU, 15 per cent of parliamentary put up reached the 30 per cent goal for the original time in 2008. That translates to 39 out of 264 chambers in 32 countries. Forty per cent of those chambers are in Europe, 33 per cent in Africa and 23 per cent in Latin America, the report saidInternational conventions and Indias standThe Constit ution of India is a progressive document that guarantees equal rights for both sexes, and entitles women to enjoy economic, social, cultural and political rights on an equal footing with men (Article 325). It proceeds to consider the appropriate use of legislation to redress inequality and prevent the further infringement of womens heavy democratic freedoms and human rights. below Article 15 (3), the State is thereby empowered to make special provisions, legislative or otherwise, to ensure womens socio-political advancement. Indian case law has already interpreted the Equal Protection provisions to allow for affirmative action for women. In addition, India is a signatory to a number of international agreements that support proactive state measures for womens political developmentThe Convention on the Political Rights of Women provides for equal political rights for women6. Under this Convention, states are oblige to ensure that women have the right to vote in elections, to be el ected to publically elected bodies, and to hold public office on equal terms with men. Women are authorize to be free from discrimination in the exercise of these rights. Articles 1 and 27 provide for the right to vote and to be elected to publicly elected bodies, such as parliaments, established by national law. These are the basic rights which all community must have to express their interest and protect themselves against discrimination or deprivation of liberty. The Charter of the United Nations reaffirms in its preamble the principles of equal rights for men and women. The first General Assembly endorsed these rights when it unanimously adopted the solvent recommending that all member states, which had not already done so, adopt measures necessary to fulfill the purposes and aims of the Charter in this respect by granting to women the same political rights as men. This convention spells out this recommendation in clear and practical terms, on which all parties in a country can unite. Article 38 of this convention goes beyond the basic rights in articles 1 and 2 into the matter of public office. It provides that women shall be entitled to hold public office established by national law on the same terms as men, and to exercise all public functions in the same way. The object of this article to get on opportunities for women in politics service.The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) was ratified by India in 1993. Article 3 discusses appropriate measures, including legislation, to ensure the full advancement of women and Article 7 affirms that signatories should take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women in the political and public life of the country.The Inter Parliamentary Unions (IPU) Universal Declaration on Democracy (1997) asserted that the skill of genuine democracy presupposes a genuine partnership between men and women in the conduct of the affairs of society in which they work in equality and complementarily, drawing joint enrichment from their differences.The Beijing Platform for work on (BPfA), 1995 affirmed that womens persistent exclusion from decision making was substantially hampering the achievement of democratic transformation, womens empowerment and achieving the goals of sustainable development. The BPfA therefore endorses affirmative action for women in the political spheres.The Mexico Plan of natural action (1975), the Nairobi Forward Looking Strategies (1985), the Beijing Declaration as well as the Platform for Action (1995) and the Outcome Document adopted by the UNGA Session on Gender Equality and Development two-eyed violet for the 21st century, titled Further actions and initiatives to implement the Beijing Declaration and the Platform for Action have been unreservedly endorsed by India for appropriate follow up.NATIONAL POLICY FOR THE EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN (2001)Goal and ObjectivesThe goal of this Policy is to hire about the advancement, development and empowerment of women. The Policy will be widely disseminated so as to encourage active participation of all stakeholders for achieving its goals. Specifically, the objectives of this Policy include(i) Creating an environment through positive economic and social policies for full development of women to enable them to realize their full potential(ii) The de-jure and de-facto enjoyment of all human rights and fundamental freedom by women on equal basis with men in all spheres political, economic, social, cultural and elegant(iii) Equal access to participation and decision making of women in social, political and economic life of the nation(iv) Equal access to women to health care, quality education at all levels, career and vocational guidance, employment, equal remuneration, occupational health and safety, social security and public office etc.(v) Strengthening legal systems aimed at elimination of all forms of discrimination against women(vi) Chang ing societal attitudes and community practices by active participation and interest of both men and women.(vii) Mainstreaming a gender perspective in the development process.(viii) Elimination of discrimination and all forms of violence against women and the girl child and(ix) Building and strengthening partnerships with civil society, particularly womens organizations.Women in local bodiesThe Panchayat Raj, a system of self-governance, was introduced in 1959, following the submission of Balwant Rai Mehta Committee Report of 1957. The 64th perfect Amendment account statement was introduced in Parliament in 1989, which provided for 30% reservation for women. But it could not be passed. The peter was defeated by a narrow margin in the Upper House. The Bill was reintroduced in September 1991, as the 72nd 73rd Constitutional Amendment Bills with an additional provision such as one-third representation for women in chairperson positions. The Bills were finally passed on December 199 2. Ratified by half the states by April 1993, they came into operation as 73rd 74th Amendments to the Constitution of India on twenty-fourth April 1993. But very recently Union Cabinet approved a proposal for amending the Constitution to increase the women reservation in urban local bodies from one third to 50 percent.Increased representation of women is likely to yield significant benefits in terms of higher priority to womens issues in critical areas of urban politics and service delivery such as water supply, sanitation, solid waste management, education and health etc.9Reservation policies clearly have a strong impact on womens representation. Women participate more in the political process in Gram Panchayat in which seats are reserved for women. In that Gram Panchayat, there are significantly more investments in drinking water, road construction, health, public toilets etc.Womens experience of being involved with the PRI has transformed many of them. They have gained a sense of empowerment by challenging men. They have become articulate and conscious of their power. They have used their elected authority to address, critical issues such as education, drinking water facilities, family planning facilities, hygiene health, quality of healthcare village development. They have also brought alcohol abuse domestic violence onto the agendas of political campaigns. In these and other ways, the issues that women have elect differ from conventional political platforms, which are usually caste/ethnic/religion based.10Women Reservation BillIn Valsamma Paul (Mrs) v. Cochin University and others, the autonomous Court had occasion to refer to the human rights of women and this is what it saysThe human rights for women, including girl child are, therefore, inalienable, integral and an indivisible part of universal human rights. The full development of personality and fundamental freedoms and equal participation by women in political, social, economic and cultural li fe are concomitants for national development, social and family stability and growth cultural, social and economical. All form of discrimination on grounds of gender is offensive of fundamental freedoms and human rightsIn 1996 the United Front government led by Deva Gowda introduced the reservation eminence in the Parliament but the bill was rejected in an uproar with, some male politicians logical argument that women should stay at home where they really belonged. The media had described the debate as the battle of the sexes.The Womens Reservation Bill is a powerful normative signal about the desirability of the empowerment of women. It comes against the backdrop of profound social change. Women have, by the dint of their capabilities and efforts, torn down so many barriers.11In 1993 the 73rd Amendment to the Indian Constitution came into force, affecting the Indian rural governing bodies, the Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs). The Amendment, at focal point for this thesis, pr ovides a 33% reservation for women as members and as chairperson in the PRIs three-tier system. The reservation has led to a tremendous mobilization of women in the countryside, resulting in one million elected representatives.12Women have already captured 40 per cent (numbering more than a million) of the seats in panchayati raj institutions, exceeding the constitutionally mandated one-third. It is good that the Government is all set to raise this to 50 per cent soon. However, women form only 15 per cent of the civil service, although many of them have risen to high positions in Government, bureaucracy, police, gird forces, professions, science and technology, business, industry and the corporate world. Their proportion in State and national representative institutions has regrettably been small, disenable them from making their full contribution to the political process in matching strength. Compared to men, they are found to be more assiduous, more result-oriented, more earnest , more successful in getting the best out of those they work with, more disciplined and more particular about adhering to norms of propriety, prudence and probity.13ConclusionIn C. Masilamani Mudaliar and others v. Idol of Sri Swaminathaswami Thirukoil14,the Supreme Court construing Article 21 of the Constitution of India as encompassing the right to equality, to dignity and to development, held that women are entitled to enjoy all these and without it, the right of life would be shorn of its meaning and purpose.A democracy grants political sovereignty to the people the people must therefore retain a fundamental belief in its ability to represent their needs and act in their interests. In terms of countering apathy, reservation for a sub-group of the population can open up the system and demonstrate that a democratically elected government kit and boodle for them, and that is not just an elite bureaucracy functioning solely for the dominant sections of society. Indeed, economic and social empowerment cannot be sustained unless women are politically aware, active participants in all levels of decision making. It is thereby imperative mood that women are politically mobilised and engaged with political processes, and for this to happen they must believe that their voices are being comprehend within the legislative spaces. Womens political participation can provide the inspiration for women to take action on a vision of a better and more equal society, and to make meaningful contributions towards inclusive national development. There can be no equal society until women help to elect lawmakers and make laws.There is an old saying that, educate one man only one man is educated. However when a woman is educated whole family is educated. Similarly when one woman is empowered whole family is empowered.